{"id":6664,"date":"2024-12-19T19:42:30","date_gmt":"2024-12-19T11:42:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/?p=6664"},"modified":"2024-12-19T19:42:30","modified_gmt":"2024-12-19T11:42:30","slug":"%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80swift-%e6%9e%9a%e4%b8%be","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/?p=6664","title":{"rendered":"[\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00]Swift \u679a\u4e3e"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Swift \u7684 <strong>\u679a\u4e3e<\/strong>\uff08<code>enum<\/code>\uff09\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 Java\u3001C# \u6216 Python \u7b49\uff09\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u5e38\u72ec\u7279\u4e14\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8bb8\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f46 Swift \u7684\u679a\u4e3e\u529f\u80fd\u66f4\u4e3a\u5f3a\u5927\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b Swift \u679a\u4e3e\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3>1. <strong>\u5173\u8054\u503c\uff08Associated Values\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5173\u8054\u503c\u662f Swift \u679a\u4e3e\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u6bcf\u4e2a\u679a\u4e3e\u6210\u5458\u643a\u5e26\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97 Swift \u7684\u679a\u4e3e\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u5b58\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-swift\">enum NetworkResponse {\n   case success(data: Data)\n   case failure(error: Error)\n   case loading\n}\n\nlet successResponse = NetworkResponse.success(data: Data())\nlet failureResponse = NetworkResponse.failure(error: NSError(domain: \"com.example\", code: 1, userInfo: nil))<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c<code>success<\/code> \u548c <code>failure<\/code> \u90fd\u643a\u5e26\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5173\u8054\u503c\uff0c\u800c <code>loading<\/code> \u4e0d\u643a\u5e26\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2. <strong>\u539f\u59cb\u503c\uff08Raw Values\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Swift \u8fd8\u5141\u8bb8\u679a\u4e3e\u6210\u5458\u62e5\u6709\u539f\u59cb\u503c\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f <code>String<\/code>\u3001<code>Int<\/code> \u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u578b\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u679a\u4e3e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001API \u7b49\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u539f\u59cb\u503c\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u679a\u4e3e\u65f6\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\uff0cSwift \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u5176\u5206\u914d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u624b\u52a8\u6307\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-swift\">enum Direction: String {\n   case north = \"N\"\n   case south = \"S\"\n   case east = \"E\"\n   case west = \"W\"\n}\n\nlet direction = Direction.north\nprint(direction.rawValue)  \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa \"N\"<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u539f\u59cb\u503c\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u679a\u4e3e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-swift\">if let direction = Direction(rawValue: \"S\") {\n   print(direction)  \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa \"south\"\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3. <strong>\u8ba1\u7b97\u5c5e\u6027\uff08Computed Properties\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Swift \u7684\u679a\u4e3e\u53ef\u4ee5\u62e5\u6709\u8ba1\u7b97\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u679a\u4e3e\u6210\u5458\u63d0\u4f9b\u52a8\u6001\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-swift\">enum Shape {\n   case square(sideLength: Double)\n   case rectangle(width: Double, height: Double)\n   case circle(radius: Double)\n\n   var area: Double {\n       switch self {\n       case .square(let sideLength):\n           return sideLength * sideLength\n       case .rectangle(let width, let height):\n           return width * height\n       case .circle(let radius):\n           return .pi * radius * radius\n       }\n   }\n}\n\nlet square = Shape.square(sideLength: 5)\nprint(square.area)  \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa 25<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 <code>area<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u679a\u4e3e\u6210\u5458\uff08<code>square<\/code>\u3001<code>rectangle<\/code> \u6216 <code>circle<\/code>\uff09\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9762\u79ef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>4. <strong>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08Methods\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Swift \u679a\u4e3e\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u5173\u8054\u503c\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u679a\u4e3e\u5728\u5c01\u88c5\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u9762\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u679a\u4e3e\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-swift\">enum TrafficLight {\n   case red, yellow, green\n\n   func next() -> TrafficLight {\n       switch self {\n       case .red:\n           return .green\n       case .yellow:\n           return .red\n       case .green:\n           return .yellow\n       }\n   }\n}\n\nvar light = TrafficLight.red\nlight = light.next()  \/\/ light \u73b0\u5728\u662f green<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c<code>TrafficLight<\/code> \u679a\u4e3e\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a <code>next()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>5. <strong>\u9012\u5f52\u679a\u4e3e\uff08Recursive Enums\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9012\u5f52\u679a\u4e3e\u662f Swift \u7279\u6709\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u679a\u4e3e\u6210\u5458\u5f15\u7528\u81ea\u8eab\uff08\u5373\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5173\u8054\u503c\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u9012\u5f52\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u5982\u6811\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u7b49\uff09\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5728 Swift \u4e2d\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u679a\u4e3e\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 <code>indirect<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-swift\">indirect enum LinkedList {\n   case empty\n   case node(value: Int, next: LinkedList)\n}\n\nlet list = LinkedList.node(value: 1, next: .node(value: 2, next: .empty))<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc <code>LinkedList<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u679a\u4e3e\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<code>indirect<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5141\u8bb8\u679a\u4e3e\u6210\u5458\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a <code>LinkedList<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5173\u8054\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>6. <strong>\u679a\u4e3e\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Swift \u7684\u679a\u4e3e\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 <code>switch<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u6216\u8005 <code>if case<\/code> \u6765\u5339\u914d\u679a\u4e3e\u6210\u5458\u548c\u5173\u8054\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-swift\">enum Result {\n   case success(data: String)\n   case failure(error: String)\n}\n\nlet result = Result.success(data: \"Data Loaded\")\n\nswitch result {\ncase .success(let data):\n   print(\"Success with data: \\(data)\")\ncase .failure(let error):\n   print(\"Failure with error: \\(error)\")\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u89e3\u6784\u679a\u4e3e\u7684\u5173\u8054\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>7. <strong><code>enum<\/code> \u7684\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u96c6\u6210<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Swift \u4e2d\u7684\u679a\u4e3e\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u3001\u7c7b\uff09\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e <strong>\u534f\u8bae<\/strong> \u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u505a\u5230\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u901a\u7528\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-swift\">protocol Drawable {\n   func draw()\n}\n\nenum Shape: Drawable {\n   case circle(radius: Double)\n   case rectangle(width: Double, height: Double)\n\n   func draw() {\n       switch self {\n       case .circle(let radius):\n           print(\"Drawing a circle with radius: \\(radius)\")\n       case .rectangle(let width, let height):\n           print(\"Drawing a rectangle with width: \\(width) and height: \\(height)\")\n       }\n   }\n}\n\nlet shape: Drawable = Shape.circle(radius: 5)\nshape.draw()  \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa \"Drawing a circle with radius: 5.0\"<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c<code>Shape<\/code> \u679a\u4e3e\u9075\u5faa\u4e86 <code>Drawable<\/code> \u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<p>Swift \u7684\u679a\u4e3e\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u6b8a\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5173\u8054\u503c<\/strong>\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u679a\u4e3e\u6210\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u643a\u5e26\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u539f\u59cb\u503c<\/strong>\uff1a\u679a\u4e3e\u6210\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u503c\uff08\u5982 <code>String<\/code>\u3001<code>Int<\/code> \u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8ba1\u7b97\u5c5e\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u679a\u4e3e\u63d0\u4f9b\u52a8\u6001\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u679a\u4e3e\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c01\u88c5\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9012\u5f52\u679a\u4e3e<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7 <code>indirect<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u652f\u6301\u9012\u5f52\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d<\/strong>\uff1aSwift \u7684 <code>switch<\/code> \u548c <code>if case<\/code> \u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u4e0e\u679a\u4e3e\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e0e\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u96c6\u6210<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u679a\u4e3e\u9075\u5faa\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u6001\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97 Swift \u7684\u679a\u4e3e\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u8868\u793a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Swift \u7684 \u679a\u4e3e\uff08enum\uff09\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 Java\u3001C# \u6216 Python \u7b49\uff09\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u5e38\u72ec\u7279\u4e14&#8230; <\/p>\n<div class=\"read-more navbutton\"><a href=\"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/?p=6664\">\u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a<i class=\"fa fa-angle-double-right\"><\/i><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[135],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6664","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-135"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6664","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6664"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6664\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6665,"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6664\/revisions\/6665"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6664"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6664"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6664"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}