{"id":6668,"date":"2024-12-19T20:46:14","date_gmt":"2024-12-19T12:46:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/?p=6668"},"modified":"2024-12-19T20:46:14","modified_gmt":"2024-12-19T12:46:14","slug":"%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80swift-%e5%b9%b6%e5%8f%91%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%e4%b9%8b-actors","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/?p=6668","title":{"rendered":"[\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00]Swift \u5e76\u53d1\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e4b Actors"},"content":{"rendered":"

Actors<\/strong> \u662f Swift \u5e76\u53d1\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5bf9\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u9694\u79bb\u548c\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u591a\u4e2a\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f8\u4e92\u5e72\u6270\u3002actor<\/code> \u5728 Swift \u4e2d\u662f\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u884c\u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u9632\u6b62\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u540c\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u6001\uff08data race\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/strong><\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. \n

    \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168<\/strong>\uff1aactor<\/code> \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5904\u7406\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u786e\u4fdd\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u7ebf\u7a0b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u4e89\u548c\u7ade\u6001\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    \u6570\u636e\u5c01\u88c5\u4e0e\u4fdd\u62a4<\/strong>\uff1aactor<\/code> \u5185\u90e8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5c01\u95ed\u7684\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b83\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u53ea\u5728\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65f6\u673a\u88ab\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    \u5f02\u6b65\u8bbf\u95ee<\/strong>\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a actor<\/code> \u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u5e76\u53d1\u4efb\u52a1\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee actor<\/code> \u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u6216\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7 async<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u8fdb\u884c\u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u521b\u5efa\u548c\u4f7f\u7528 Actor<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a actor<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u5c01\u88c5\u6570\u636e\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5f02\u6b65\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u793a\u4f8b 1\uff1a\u57fa\u7840 Actor \u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n
    actor BankAccount {\n    private var balance: Double = 0.0\n\n    func deposit(amount: Double) {\n        balance += amount\n    }\n\n    func withdraw(amount: Double) -> Bool {\n        if balance >= amount {\n            balance -= amount\n            return true\n        } else {\n            return false\n        }\n    }\n\n    func getBalance() -> Double {\n        return balance\n    }\n}\n\n\/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a actor \u5b9e\u4f8b\nlet account = BankAccount()\n\n\/\/ \u5f02\u6b65\u8c03\u7528 actor \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\nTask {\n    await account.deposit(amount: 1000)\n    let balance = await account.getBalance()\n    print("Balance: \\(balance)")\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cBankAccount<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a actor<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5b83\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86 balance<\/code> \u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6267\u884c\u5b58\u6b3e\u548c\u53d6\u6b3e\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002deposit<\/code> \u548c withdraw<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u64cd\u4f5c balance<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6240\u6709\u5bf9 balance<\/code> \u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u90fd\u662f\u5f02\u6b65\u7684\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u793a\u4f8b 2\uff1a\u8bbf\u95ee Actor \u5c5e\u6027<\/h4>\n
    \u7531\u4e8e actor<\/code> \u5185\u90e8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b83\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 await<\/code> \u8fdb\u884c\u5f02\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n
    Task {\n    let accountBalance = await account.getBalance()\n    print("Account Balance is \\(accountBalance)")\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 await<\/code> \u6765\u7b49\u5f85 account<\/code> \u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n
    Actor \u548c \u6570\u636e\u7ade\u6001\uff08Data Races\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n
    actor<\/code> \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u6001\uff08data races\uff09\u3002\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u6001\u662f\u6307\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u540c\u4e00\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u5199\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 actor<\/code>\uff0cSwift \u5728\u540e\u53f0\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u540c\u6b65\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u6ca1\u6709 actor<\/code> \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u4eab\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n
    var sharedResource = 0\n\nDispatchQueue.global().async {\n    sharedResource += 1\n}\n\nDispatchQueue.global().async {\n    sharedResource += 1\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90 sharedResource<\/code> \u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u5e76\u53d1\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 actor<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ade\u6001\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
    Actor \u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u6027<\/strong><\/h3>\n
    \u8bbf\u95ee actor<\/code> \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5f02\u6b65\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a actor<\/code> \u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u88ab\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cactor<\/code> \u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u662f\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
    actor MyActor {\n    private var count = 0\n\n    func increment() {\n        count += 1\n    }\n\n    func getCount() -> Int {\n        return count\n    }\n}\n\nTask {\n    let myActor = MyActor()\n    await myActor.increment()\n    let count = await myActor.getCount()\n    print(count)  \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa: 1\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee MyActor<\/code> \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 await<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u5bf9 count<\/code> \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
    Actor \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5e76\u53d1\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong><\/h3>\n
    actor<\/code> \u662f Swift \u5e76\u53d1\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5b83\u548c Task<\/code>\u3001async\/await<\/code> \u8bed\u6cd5\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7ba1\u7406\u5e76\u53d1\u4efb\u52a1\u3002actor<\/code> \u548c Task<\/code> \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n