{"id":7032,"date":"2026-03-03T16:43:46","date_gmt":"2026-03-03T08:43:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/?p=7032"},"modified":"2026-03-03T16:43:46","modified_gmt":"2026-03-03T08:43:46","slug":"nginx-%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e8%af%b7%e6%b1%82%e7%9a%84-11-%e4%b8%aa%e9%98%b6%e6%ae%b5%e5%8f%8a%e5%85%b3%e9%94%ae%e9%98%b6%e6%ae%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/?p=7032","title":{"rendered":"Nginx \u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684 11 \u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u53ca\u5173\u952e\u9636\u6bb5"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6280\u672f\u987e\u95ee\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9 11 \u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u662f\u638c\u63e1 Nginx \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u201c\u91d1\u94a5\u5319\u201d\u3002Nginx \u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u9636\u6bb5\u5f0f\u5904\u7406\uff08Phased Processing\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c31\u50cf\u5728\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e0a\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u79fb\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 OpenResty\uff09\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4e2d\u6709 4-5 \u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5173\u952e<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

Nginx \u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u7684 11 \u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5<\/h3>\n

\u6309\u7167\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Post-Read<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b8c\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u540e\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff08\u5982\uff1a\u652f\u6301 realip<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u83b7\u53d6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u771f\u5b9e IP\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. Rewrite<\/code><\/strong>\uff08\u5173\u952e<\/strong>\uff09\uff1a\u6267\u884c rewrite<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c URL \u91cd\u5199\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. Post-Rewrite<\/code><\/strong>\uff1aURL \u91cd\u5199\u540e\u7684\u6e05\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/li>\n
  4. Pre-Access<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u68c0\u67e5\u524d\u7684\u51c6\u5907\uff08\u5982\uff1alimit_conn<\/code> \u9650\u5236\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u3001limit_req<\/code> \u9650\u5236\u9891\u7387\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
  5. Access<\/code><\/strong>\uff08\u6838\u5fc3<\/strong>\uff09\uff1a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6743\u9650\u8bbf\u95ee\uff08\u5982\uff1aIP \u9ed1\u767d\u540d\u5355\u3001\u8d26\u53f7\u767b\u5f55\u6821\u9a8c\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
  6. Post-Access<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u6743\u9650\u68c0\u67e5\u540e\u7684\u6e05\u7406\uff0c\u5904\u7406 Access \u9636\u6bb5\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u62d2\u7edd\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n
  7. Pre-Content<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u751f\u6210\u5185\u5bb9\u524d\u7684\u51c6\u5907\uff08\u5982\uff1atry_files<\/code> \u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
  8. Content<\/code><\/strong>\uff08\u6838\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3<\/strong>\uff09\uff1a\u54cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u9636\u6bb5<\/strong>\u3002\u4ea7\u751f Body \u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u4e0a\u6e38\uff08Proxy Pass\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
  9. Log<\/code><\/strong>\uff08\u5173\u952e<\/strong>\uff09\uff1a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/li>\n
  10. Filter<\/code><\/strong>\uff08\u4e25\u683c\u8bf4\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1aHeader Filter \u548c Body Filter\uff09\uff1a\u5bf9\u54cd\u5e94\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u6700\u540e\u7684\u52a0\u5de5\uff08\u5982\uff1aGzip \u538b\u7f29\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \n

    \u8d44\u6df1\u987e\u95ee\uff1a\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u7684 5 \u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u9636\u6bb5<\/h3>\n

    \u5728 OpenResty \u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec 90% \u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u94a9\u5b50\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u9636\u6bb5<\/th>\n\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 OpenResty \u6307\u4ee4<\/th>\n\u6838\u5fc3\u7528\u9014 (\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u573a\u666f)<\/th>\n\u987e\u95ee\u5efa\u8bae<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    Rewrite<\/strong><\/td>\nrewrite_by_lua<\/code><\/td>\n\u52a8\u6001\u8def\u7531\/\u6539\u5199<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e App \u7248\u672c\u53f7\u52a8\u6001\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u53d1\u7ed9 v1 \u6216 v2 \u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/td>\n\u9002\u5408\u505a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u9884\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Access<\/strong><\/td>\naccess_by_lua<\/code><\/td>\n\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u706b\u5899\/\u9274\u6743<\/strong>\uff1a\u6821\u9a8c JWT Token\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7b7e\u540d\u3001\u62e6\u622a\u5237\u7968\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/td>\n\u6027\u80fd\u6740\u624b<\/strong>\uff1a\u6b64\u9636\u6bb5\u903b\u8f91\u82e5\u6162\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c31\u6162\u3002\u52a1\u5fc5\u7528 Redis \u975e\u963b\u585e\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Content<\/strong><\/td>\ncontent_by_lua<\/code><\/td>\n\u4e1a\u52a1\u8f93\u51fa<\/strong>\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de JSON\u3002\u6216\u8005\u505a\u201c\u5408\u5e76\u8bf7\u6c42\u201d\uff08\u540c\u65f6\u8c03\u7528 3 \u4e2a\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u5e76\u805a\u5408\u7ed3\u679c\uff09\u3002<\/td>\n\u8fd9\u662f Nginx \u7684\u201c\u7ec8\u70b9\u7ad9\u201d\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u547d\u4e2d\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u53bb\u6267\u884c proxy_pass<\/code>\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Filter<\/strong><\/td>\nbody_filter_by_lua<\/code><\/td>\n\u5b9e\u65f6\u7be1\u6539<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u4e0b\u53d1\u54cd\u5e94\u7ed9\u624b\u673a\u524d\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u6ce8\u5165\u8c03\u8bd5\u4fe1\u606f\u6216\u654f\u611f\u8bcd\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002<\/td>\n\u614e\u7528\uff01\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u6d88\u8017\u5185\u5b58\u548c CPU\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Log<\/strong><\/td>\nlog_by_lua<\/code><\/td>\n\u6570\u636e\u57cb\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06 API \u8017\u65f6\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u5f02\u6b65\u53d1\u9001\u5230 ELK \u6216\u7edf\u8ba1\u540e\u53f0\u3002<\/td>\n\u5b83\u662f\u5f02\u6b65<\/strong>\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u505a\u76d1\u63a7\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
    \n

    \u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5206\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1f<\/h3>\n

    \u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u95ee\uff1a\u201c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u4e00\u4e2a handler<\/code> \u641e\u5b9a\u6240\u6709\u4e8b\uff1f\u201d<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u89e3\u8026\u4e0e\u590d\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u6bd4\u5982\u201c\u9650\u6d41\u201d\u903b\u8f91\u662f\u5728 Pre-Access<\/code> \u505a\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6743\u9650\u6821\u9a8c\uff08Access\uff09\u4e0d\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u524d\u9762\u5c31\u62e6\u622a\u4e86\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8d70\u5230\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\uff08Content\uff09\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u5730\u8282\u7701\u4e86 CPU \u8d44\u6e90<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n
    2. \u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u540e\u7aef\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u5e0c\u671b\u201c\u5148\u9650\u6d41\uff0c\u518d\u9a8c\u7b7e\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u8bfb\u7f13\u5b58\u201d\u3002\u8fd9 11 \u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u7ed9\u4e86\u4f60\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236\u8fd9\u79cd\u65f6\u5e8f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n

      \u843d\u5730\u5bfc\u5411\uff1a\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

      \u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u52a8\u6001 API \u7f51\u5173<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f60\u7684 nginx.conf<\/code> \u903b\u8f91\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n

      location \/api\/user\/info {\n    # 1. \u9891\u7387\u9650\u5236 (Pre-Access\u9636\u6bb5)\n    limit_req zone=one burst=5 nodelay;\n\n    # 2. \u8eab\u4efd\u6821\u9a8c (Access\u9636\u6bb5)\n    access_by_lua_block {\n        local auth = require "my_auth"\n        auth.check_token() -- \u6821\u9a8c\u4e0d\u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u63a5 ngx.exit(401)\n    }\n\n    # 3. \u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91 (Content\u9636\u6bb5)\n    # \u65b9\u6848 A: \u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9 Java \u540e\u7aef\n    proxy_pass http:\/\/java_backend;\n\n    # \u65b9\u6848 B: \u6216\u8005\u76f4\u63a5\u7531 Lua \u5904\u7406\u8fd4\u56de\u7f13\u5b58 (\u5982\u679c\u5f00\u542f\u4e86 content_by_lua\uff0cproxy_pass \u4f1a\u5931\u6548)\n    # content_by_lua_block { \n    #    ngx.say('{"status":"ok"}') \n    # }\n\n    # 4. \u65e5\u5fd7\u7edf\u8ba1 (Log\u9636\u6bb5)\n    log_by_lua_block {\n        local stats = require "my_stats"\n        stats.report_latency() -- \u7edf\u8ba1\u63a5\u53e3\u8017\u65f6\n    }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \n
      \u987e\u95ee\u63d0\u95ee\uff1a<\/h3>\n
      \u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u8fd9 11 \u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u60f3\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1f<\/p>\n
      \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u4f60\u662f\u60f3\u5728 Access \u9636\u6bb5<\/strong> \u505a\u4e00\u5957\u901a\u7528\u7684 App \u7b7e\u540d\u6821\u9a8c\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u60f3\u5728 Content \u9636\u6bb5<\/strong> \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0b\u53d1\u63a5\u53e3\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u4f60\u5ba1\u67e5\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b83\u5e94\u8be5\u653e\u5728\u54ea\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u6700\u5408\u9002\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      \u4f5c\u4e3a\u6280\u672f\u987e\u95ee\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9 11 \u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u662f\u638c\u63e1 Nginx \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u201c\u91d1\u94a5\u5319\u201d\u3002Nginx \u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u9636\u6bb5\u5f0f\u5904\u7406… <\/p>\n
      \u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a<\/i><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[123],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7032","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-123"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7032","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7032"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7032\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7033,"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7032\/revisions\/7033"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7032"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7032"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/t.n-years.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7032"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}